Researchers Measure Size-Luminosity Relation of Galaxies Less Than a Billion Years After Big Bang

By Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe
February 24, 2023

Two Exceptionally Bright Galaxies

Figure 1. Two exceptionally bright galaxies were captured in GLASS-JWST program. These galaxies existed approximately 450 and 350 million years after the Big Bang (with a redshift of approximately 10.5 and 12.5, respectively), and sizes are roughly 500 parsecs and 170 parsecs, respectively. Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, Tommaso Treu (UCLA)

An international team of researchers, including those from the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU), have published a new study in The

Size–Luminosity Relationships of Galaxies Observed in Five Wavelength Bands With Fixed Slope Owing to Limited Data

Figure 2: Size–luminosity relationships of galaxies observed in five wavelength bands with fixed slope owing to limited data. The black solid and dashed–dotted lines in the F150W panel show the relation derived from HST data by Shibuya et al. (2015; z ∼ 8) and Huang et al. (2013; z ∼ 5) at a similar rest-frame wavelength, respectively. Credit: Yang et al.

One study, led by Kavli IPMU JSPS Fellow Lilan Yang, and including Project Researcher Xuheng Ding, used multiband NIRCAM imaging data from the GLASS-JWST program to measure galaxy size and luminosity to figure out the morphology and the size-luminosity relation from rest-frame optical to UV.

“It’s the first time that we can study the galaxy’s properties in rest-frame optical at a redshift larger than 7 with JWST, and the size-luminosity is important for determining the shape of luminosity function which indicates the primary sources responsible for the cosmic reionization, i.e., numerous faint galaxies or relatively less bright galaxies.

“The original wavelength of light will shift to a longer wavelength when it travels from the early universe to us. Thus, the rest-frame wavelength is used to clarify their intrinsic wavelength, rather than the observed wavelength.

Previously, with Read More

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